Chapter 1 Development of Civilizations
1. List 5 different systems that make up a civilization. (must
have all to be correct)
2. How do we know that Cro-Magnon man was successful?(How do we measure
his success?)
3. What is Pre-history?
4. In what way does writing develop? (What are the 4 stages in the development
of a written language?)
5. What are artifacts and name 2 methods used by historians to date
artifacts.
6. What is the difference between an archaeologist and an anthropologist?
(Don't just give definitions of each must state the difference)
7. Which man helped to prove Homer's account of Troy?
8. What is the Neolithic Revolution & What is the significance of
the Neolithic Revolution?
9. Two of the ( earliest known cities (prior to 6000 BC) one walled
and the other known because of its large size were in Mesopotamia also
known as the Fertile Crescent region. Name the two cities.
10. What are 6 characteristics of civilization?When
all 5 of these are present we can identify these people to be functioning
as a civilization.)
11. What is culture? (Definition)
12. How can we best identify culture?(What methods do we use or what
are culture identifiers?)
13. What is society? Or list two words that we use to help identify
society.
14. What is the function of government?(Why do we need governments?)
15. Name the four river major valley civilizations that developed
during ancient times.
Chapter 2 Fertile Crescent (combined civilizations) & Egypt 3100 BC - 27 BC
16. What area of the world connects Europe, Asia and Africa?(it is called by several different names and is sometimes identified as the crossroads of the world)
17. Define city state.
18. Define Empire.
19. Pick one of the two above and tell why you think it was the most
advantageous to the people of the Fertile Crescent? (Must write
down which one you have picked)
20. Which ancient Mesopotamia civilization used the ziggurat, a type of pyramid or temple?
21. What is a theocracy?
22. Which civilization first used the arch?
23. What man had the first law code written down in the ancient world?
24. Name the social classes of Sumerian society starting with the highest
by listing the members of each group.
26. Define montheism and polytheism.
27. What is the writing of the Sumerians called?
28. Name the epic story from the Fertile Crescent.
29. What man discovered the ancient Sumerian city of Uruk?
30. What ruler united Egypt around 3100 B. C.?(What is his name and
title?)
32. The Egyptian civilization lasted over 3100 years, name three
general reasons its success.
33. List three "gifts of the Nile".
34. Explain the dynastic cycle.
35. Into what eras are the Egyptian dynasties divided?
36. Name a typical reason for the decline of Egyptian dynasties.
37. Name two Egyptian Pharaohs and list their accomplishments.(only half right if list pharaoh)
38. Define monarch and monarchy
39. During which Egyptian era did the bureaucracy develop?
40. Who was at the head of this bureaucracy? (Title)
41. Name the social classes of Egyptian society starting with the highest
by listing the members of each group.
42. What role does religion have in the development of Egypt?
43. In what way does the role of the Egyptian Pharaoh change during the Middle Kingdom?
44. What did the people of Egypt hope to gain by identifying with Osiris?
45. Which civilization used chariots to frighten the people they attacked?
46. Which civilization was the first to use coined money?
47. What is the writing of Egypt called?
48. What is significant about the discovery of the Rosetta Stone?
49. What ancient (not pre-historic people) people were very warlike and ruthless?
50. What religion began in the Persian Empire?
51. Which Hebrew king strengthened the power of the monarchy?
52. The Old testament contains the Ten Commandments. What is the significance
of these two aspects of Judaism to the development of early civilizations?
53. What do Hammurabi, Cyrus, Hatsheput, & Solomon all do to strengthen both their monarchies and their empires?
54. Explain the significance of Zorastorcism.
Chapter 3
55. Name the two earliest cities of the Indus River Valley.
56. What is the relationship between the layout of these cities and the government? Hint start your sentence with Because the city was....
57. Define guru.
58. What is the script of India called?
59. Define the social system that develops during the Aryan Era in India.
Chapter 4
60. What is the first dynasty of China?
61. What is the Chinese word for Supreme Emperor?
62. Explain the Mandate of Heaven.
Chapter 7 p.202 & 215
63. What is the significance of Teotihuacan?
64. What is the one element necessary for a civilization to flourish
that is lacking in the Moche?
Chapter 9.1
65. During the development of ancient civilizations what was the area
south of Egypt known as?
66. Which of the African Empires also ruled Egypt?
67. What commodity brought many traders into the major city of this
empire, Meroe?
68-69. (first explain what the geography was then state how this impacted the civilization)
Pick one of the civilizations below and tell what effect the
geography had in the development of the early civilizations:Egypt? civilizations
of the Fertile Crescent? China? India? Olmecs? Kush?
70. Explain how the technology of Egypt may have contributed
to its either its social or political system.
71. Which century is the 800's AD?
72. Also Which 100's is the 13th century AD?
Chapter 5 Greece 2000 BC - 301 BC
73. The Greek city states were spread throughout the Aegean Sea. Name
three factors that joined the Greeks together. (Notes)
74. What people were the first to inhabit Crete?
75. Name the ancient city of this civilization and the archeologist
who discovered it.
76. Who were the ancient people discovered by Heinrich Schliemann?
77. Explain what is a "Dark Age"?
78. What ancient people began the Dark Age in Greece?
79. Who were the Dorians?
80. Define agora.
81. Name the works "written" by Homer.
82. Define polis.
83. Name four elements of a Greek city-state. (four things
they all shared & used to identify a Greek city-state)
84. Sparta eventually developed an aristocracy and Athens developed a democratic republic.
Although different each was called an assembly.
What was name of the assemblymen in each of the city-states?
85. Who abolished debt slavery in Athens?
86. Who wrote the first law code in Athens later to be considered very harsh?
87. What is an aristocracy?
88. What is an oligarchy?
89. Who was Pythagoras?
90. What was built in Athens for the worship of Athena? (What is the name of it?)
91. Define helot.
92. What was the duty of a hoplite?
93. Explain how the "slaves" of Sparta were different than the slaves of other civilizations.
94. Why was it necessary for the Spartans to have such a strong army?
95. Who was Hippocrates?
96. What is the title given to Herodotos? Or what role in history does
Herodotos play?
97. What was the main result of the Persian wars?
98. What was the main cause of the Peloponnesian War?
99. What was the main purpose of the Delian League?
100. Which Greek city states came to dominate the Aegan following the
Persian wars?
101. Name four characteristics of Greek art.(Must have all four to be
correct)
102. Name the three chief schools of philosophy during the Hellenistic
Age.
103. What did Philip of Macedon call his soldiers that he trained to
fight on foot?
104. How far to the east did Alexander the Great conquer?
105. What is the name of the phenomena that happens when culture spreads
and intermingles with other cultures? (What do we call Greek culture
when it diffused and intermingled with other cultures?)
106. How did Alexander plan to connect east and west and make a new
culture?
107. Alexander the Great's empire was divided after his death. List the three areas of division.
108. What Greek teacher was sentenced to death for criticizing the Greek
government?
109. Who was a student of Socrates and wrote the "Republic"?
110. Who was the father of Alexander the Great?
111. Who was the teacher of Alexander the Great?
Chapter 6 Rome 1000 BC - 476 AD (Archaic Rome 1000
BC - 503 BC, Republic 503 - 27 BC, Empire 27 BC - 476 AD)
112. Name at least three tribes which occupied the Italian peninsula
prior to the Roman civilization.
113. What event signified the change from the Roman archaic or developmental
period to the Roman Republic period?
114. Define Republic.
115. What were the three branches of government during the Roman Republic?
116. Why could the Senate be considered the most powerful?
117. Define paterfamilias.
118. Name two reasons for the rapid growth and strength of the Roman Republic.
119. Who were the Grachi and what did they try to accomplish for Rome?
120. Name two reasons for the fall of the Roman Republic.
121. Who were the members of the First Triumvirate?
122. Who were the members of the Second Triumvirate?
123. What was the main cause of the Punic Wars?
124. Who was the greatest Roman General and the "First Counsel"?
125. Who was the last Pharaoh of Egypt? (hint: she was a Ptolemy)
126. Who was the first true emperor of Rome thus changing the Republic
to an Empire?
127. The Roman laws were written down on what document?
128. Define indemnity.
129. Define colonus using the word for "large Roman estate in the country."
130. Name the classes of Rome from order of the highest to the lowest.(not
just upper, middle, lower)"Struggle of the Orders"
131. What were three problems caused by the expansion of the Roman Empire?
132. Name one of the "Good Emperors" and list one accomplishment of this emperor.
133. Name two strengths of Roman Civilization that allowed it to flourish
and when absent or no longer functioning helped cause its fall.
134. Diocletian divided the Roman Empire. What names did
he give to the new administrators?
135. The period of stability during the Roman Empire is called PAX Romana.
Name three specific accomplishments during this era?
136. Who was the first Roman Emperor to convert to Christianity?
137. Many people think that Christianity had a negative effect in the
development of Rome but actually it may have had a more positive effect.
How did Christianity help the Roman Empire?
138-139. There were Political, Economic, and Social reasons for the
fall of the Roman Empire, explain or give an example of how one contributed
to the decline of the Roman Empire.
(Be sure to identify whether it was Political, Economic
or Social)
140. The Roman Empire in the east becomes Byzantine. What happens to the Roman Empire in the west?
141. Define anarchy.
142. Who was the last Roman emperor and who defeated him?